What this line means - "For analog sensors of 10 bit value, the data can fall between 0-1023, hence the max value is 1023." and how they set the different colors for different values in last code of attached scrrenshot

@sgt17122001

In the previous screenshot you plotted an area Graph. While this section is meant only for Gauge Graph. The image sample of the graph is already provided in the module.

The analogRead() reads a value from an analogue input pin and returns a scaled voltage measurement. The microcontroller translates the voltage readings into numbers ranging from 0 to 1023, where 0V has a value 0 and 5V equates 1023.

Thank you @meghad404 .

@sgt17122001

Also to add to @meghad404 's response, in here 1024 = 2¹⁰. Which refers to the 10 bits of 1s and 0s.

We have more such explanations from the fellow Bolt IoT Community Members over here -